How low can you go? Intraoperative microdosing of indocyanine green for fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Surgical endoscopy October 1, 2025 Ryan C Broderick, Graham J Spurzem, Ana Garcia Cabrera et al.
Fluorescence cholangiography (FC) with indocyanine green (ICG) enables real-time intraoperative visualization of extrahepatic biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). There is no consensus on the optimal ICG dose or timing of administration for LC. The goal of this study was to implement a simple intraoperative low-dose ("microdose") ICG protocol that facilitates non-inferior...
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-025-12057-w (opens in new tab)
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Fluorescence cholangiography
Indocyanine green
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Microdose
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