This paper challenges the anthropocentric conception of phenomenal consciousness, arguing that its potential manifestations extend beyond the human brain to encompass certain animals, plants, and future artificial systems. Drawing on evidence from comparative cognition, plant neurobiology, and neuromorphic computing, the essay posits that consciousness is best understood as a functional...
In Buddhist philosopher Vasubandhu’s Twenty Verses, Vasubandhu’s mind-only philosophy offers a compelling alternative to realist accounts of intersubjectivity by arguing that shared perceptions do not require the existence of mind-independent objects. Drawing on Vasubandhu’s Twenty Verses and his responses to objections regarding spatial-temporal perception, intersubjectivity, and effective...
Due to the ubiquitous nature of anxiety conditions and comorbidities and their detrimental damages, there has been increasing interest in anxiety research and treatment development. Here, current literature on anxiety and therapies are combined to form an overview of the available scientific knowledge. There is currently a substantial amount of information on anxiety disorders, such as the...