Background: Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, has been used for decades as an anesthetic agent, but more recently it has been studied in psychiatric illness. Though ketamine has been investigated for use in the general population, fewer studies have investigated the efficacy and tolerability of this treatment for older (age >60) adults. Objectives: This review sought to compile the...
Current pharmacotherapies for major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BDep) have a distinct lag of onset that can generate great distress and impairment in patients. Furthermore, as demonstrated by several real-world effectiveness trials, their efficacy is limited. All approved antidepressant medications for MDD primarily act through monoaminergic mechanisms, agonists or...