Alcohol use disorders are common and contribute significantly to the global burden of disease. The treatment of alcohol dependence includes the acute withdrawal phase and the post-acute rehabilitation phase. The primary goal of post-acute treatment is long-term abstinence, although reduction of alcohol consumption is also recognized as an intermediate goal. In addition to psychosocial and...
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. The effectiveness of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments is well documented. Remission rates are around 67 % for pharmacological antidepressant initial and secondary treatment of a depressive episode in unipolar disorders. However, patients with a depressive episode who do not respond to at least two successive attempts at...
Phenomenology, clinical diagnostics and treatment of hallucinations Abstract. Hallucinations are perceptions without any stimulus. They occur typically in schizophrenia, but they can be found in other psychiatric or medical disorders as well. Recently, hallucinations have been increasingly reported to occur with a high prevalence in the general population and they are conceptualised as...
Most mushroom intoxications become evident within 12 hours with vomiting and diarrhea. They can be divided into incidents with a short latency (less than four hours) and incidents with a long latency (longer than four hours). As a rule of thumb amatoxin poisonings must be considered in case of symptoms appearing with a long latency (8-12-18 h), especially after consumption of non-controlled...
MDMA ("Ecstasy") and its analogues such as MDE and MDA are amphetamine derivatives reported to produce an altered state with emotional overtones. Since more than ten years, ecstasy is after cannabis the most frequently used recreational drug by young adults, particularly in the so-called techno-scene. However, according to a recent survey there is an increasing trend for a revival of classic...