Oxford Medicine Online
October 1, 2018
Michael J. Balboni, Tracy A. Balboni
This chapter argues, in addition to the plausibility structures described in Chapter 6, that modern consciousness comprises a series of related bifurcations of life and that medicine is a social institution that is informed by understandings of human nature, human knowledge, and social structures that fall on the opposite side of the wall from religion. Modern Western societies advance this...
Oxford Medicine Online
September 1, 2018
Dean Taraborelli, Alberto Villoldo, G. Muñoz
The path of healing, self-discovery, and tackling the existential questions as to why people use drugs is addressed in this chapter. The chapter outlines the healing concepts within the Quero tradition, as these peoples were direct descendants of the Inca from ancient Andean Peru. The cosmology and oral traditions through healing motifs are timeless irrespective of cultural and chronological...
Oxford Medicine Online
September 1, 2018
Thomas A. Mellman
The Chapter reviews two long standing concerns of sleep research in PTSD. The first is characterizing dysregulations of arousal that manifest in relation to sleep including disturbances of sleep initiation, maintenance, and depth. The other is characterizing nightmare disturbances in PTSD and establishing the role of the neurophysiological substrate of dreams, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS),...
Oxford Medicine Online
October 1, 2017
Kate L. Morrison, Brooke M. Smith, Michael P. Twohig
This chapter summarizes mindfulness-based therapies for observe-compulsive disorder (OCD). Mindfulness and acceptance interventions focus on the way in which individuals with OCD address or experience their obsessions, anxiety, uncertainty, and bodily sensations, and how this impacts their behavior. Mindfulness and acceptance interventions include a variety of procedures and treatment packages...
Oxford Medicine Online
April 1, 2017
Josef Parnas, Annick Urfer-Parnas
We present a phenomenological account of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia. We examine the mode of articulation of AVH, their spatial and temporal characteristics, and their relation to self-alienation, reflecting an emergence of otherness (alterity) in the midst of the patient’s self. This process of self-alienation is associated with the emergence of a different reality, a...
Oxford Medicine Online
March 1, 2017
David Matuskey
In this chapter topics related to dissociative disorders are reviewed including dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity disorder, depersonalization disorder and derealization disorder
Oxford Medicine Online
November 1, 2016
Craig Irvine, Danielle Spencer
Part II of II: This chapter explores philosophical responses to Cartesian dualism—notably Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s elaboration of phenomenology—and its relevance to medicine. With close reading of Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception, phenomenology’s attentiveness to lived experience and to embodiment is described. Next, discussion of the work of philosophers, clinicians, ethicists and...
Oxford Medicine Online
September 1, 2016
Marina A Khusid
Although there is currently insufficient evidence to support meditation as a first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the evidence base for meditation used adjunctively in the management of PTSD and related psychiatric comorbidities is rapidly expanding. The 2010 Veterans Administration/Department of Defense (VA/DoD) clinical practice guideline (CPG) for management of PTSD...
Oxford Medicine Online
July 1, 2013
Josef Parnas
Psychosis is one of the cardinal concepts of psychopathology (Jaspers), with an important descriptive use and frequent but unclear nosological connotations. Despite its central role in clinical psychiatry, it is only inadequately and vaguely addressed and articulated in the contemporary psychodiagnostic manuals. Typically, the descriptive use of this concept—as a ”break with reality”—is always...