Perioperative Ketamine and Esketamine for Postoperative Mood Symptoms After Orthopaedic Surgery: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
The archives of bone and joint surgery 2026 Ali Dabbagh, Firoozeh Madadi, Maryam Fallah et al.
Perioperative anxiety and depression are common following major orthopaedic surgery and may adversely affect postoperative recovery. Ketamine and esketamine have rapid psychotropic effects; however, their effectiveness in reducing postoperative mood symptoms in orthopaedic patients remains uncertain. We systematically reviewed randomized evidence on the effects of these agents on postoperative...