This article analyses the religious beliefs of the nomadic peoples of the Southern Aral Sea region – Saka–Massagetae, Sarmatians, Kangly, Huns, and early Turkic ethnic groups – who inhabited the area from the 7th century BCE to the 8th century CE, from a religious studies perspective. Totemism, animism, shamanism and cosmological world–views are examined through the Animal Style art,...