The ontology of consciousness in contemporary debates arises from the tension between the metaphysical paradigm of Islamic philosophy and the physicalist approach in cognitive science, particularly regarding the explanation of qualia, intentionality, and the unity of conscious experience. In Islamic philosophy, the concept of tajallī views consciousness as a hierarchical manifestation of...
The development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) has given rise to claims of cross-domain cognitive abilities that are equal to human rationality. However, these claims are still dominated by the computational paradigm, which reduces intelligence to symbolic processing and algorithmic optimization, thereby leaving an epistemological gap regarding the ontological status of knowledge and...