Neuropsychobiology
2000
Una D. Mccann, Victoria Eligulashvili, George A. Ricaurte
192 citations
(±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’) is a brain serotonergic neurotoxin in experimental animals, including nonhuman primates. It is also an increasingly popular recreational drug of abuse, and doses of MDMA that are used recreationally overlap with those that produce serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxicity in animals. Studies in human MDMA users probing for evidence of brain...
Neuropsychobiology
2000
A. C. Parrott
153 citations
Laboratory animals can develop serotonergic neurotoxicity after repeated doses of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or ‘Ecstasy’. If similar neural damage occurs in humans, this may be evident in cognitive or behavioural impairments. In a review of the behavioural skills shown by drug-free recreational Ecstasy users, three aspects of cognitive performance are often affected: reduced...
Neuropsychobiology
2000
H. Valerie Curran
143 citations
Evidence from research with a range of animal species, from rodents to non-human primates, has shown that MDMA (±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is neurotoxic. This article explores the evidence that MDMA may be neurotoxic in humans by briefly overviewing three types of research: (1) neurobiological, (2) psychological/somatic and (3) psychiatric. The first type of evidence derives from...
Neuropsychobiology
2000
Fabrizio Schifano
83 citations
The present paper attempts to give an updated overview of the magnitude of the phenomenon of ecstasy abuse in Italy and other European countries. It gives an account of some clinical case studies and of a larger-scale report on polydrug (including MDMA) consumers attending our Public Health Addiction Treatment Unit in recent years, with a view to clarifying the characteristics and...
Neuropsychobiology
2000
John Turner, A. C. Parrott
27 citations
UNLABELLED: Every discussant at the Novartis symposium was invited to submit a 250-word abstract, giving their views upon the question: 'Is MDMA a human neurotoxin?'. These abstracts are presented here. They illustrate a wide range of viewpoints and opinions, as might be expected from experts in such diverse fields: animal neuroscience, human cognitive testing, police pathology laboratory,...
Neuropsychobiology
1999
Jeanette Sigurdh, Olav Spigset, Per Allard et al.
Possible age effects on binding of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide ([3H]LSD) to serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and of [3H]paroxetine to serotonin uptake sites were studied in platelets from healthy children (11–12 years of age), adolescents (16–17 years of age) and adults. Significant overall age effects were found both for the number of binding sites (Bmax) for [3H]LSD binding (p < 0.001), the...
Neuropsychobiology
1987
H Depoortere
14 citations
In the present study, we investigated the different types of neocortical rhythmic slow activity (RSA) during wakefulness and paradoxical sleep as well as their pharmacological modification. During wakefulness, the high-frequency (7-9 Hz) RSA1 type, which is atropine-resistant, is accentuated by forebrain stimulation and is abolished by urethane, clonidine and alcuronium. These drugs induce the...
Neuropsychobiology
1984
R E Hicks, C T Gualtieri, J P Mayo et al.
In experiment 1, subjects judged time by duration production under no-counting instructions. The productions were made following intravenous injection of atropine sulfate or saline, and after smoking cigarettes with and without (-)-delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). THC increased the subjective time rate (STR); i.e., the rate at which subjective time passes relative to clock time, whereas...
Neuropsychobiology
H Herzog, V R Lele, T Kuwert et al.
Using positron emission tomography (PET), measurements of the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRGlc) are able to delineate cerebral metabolic responses to external or mental stimulation. In order to examine possible changes of brain metabolism due to Yoga meditation PET scans were performed in 8 members of a Yoga meditation group during the normal control state (C) and Yoga...