This article provides a critical analysis of the biologically reductionist model of addictive euphoria (“the high”) and demonstrates its methodological limitations. From a biological perspective, the dose–response relationship between psychoactive substances and emotional effects is not linear: research reveals plateau- and inverted-U-shaped curves, and excessive neurotransmitter activation...
The article examines contemporary approaches to certain methodological, psychological, and philosophical issues in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) as a scientific discipline. In particular, it offers a critical analysis of concepts such as artificial consciousness, artificial personality, strong and weak AI, the easy and hard problems of consciousness, the properties of inner sensory...