Abstract Background: Jain philosophy treats consciousness as an ontological feature of the living self ( Jiva [~soul]/ atma [~soul]) and locates knowledge ( jnana [~knowledge]) as an intrinsic, self-luminous quality that becomes manifest as karmic obscuration is attenuated. Objective: To synthesise classical Jain scriptural and philosophical positions on the soul-knowledge relation and to...
Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms. Despite current therapeutic strategies, many patients continue to experience the poor outcomes. Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew containing N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and β-carboline alkaloids, has shown antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory...