Al-QamarMarch 31, 2026Dr. Muhammad Shah, Dr. Muhammad Akram Rana
Multan has historically remained one of the most significant centers of Islamic spirituality, Sufism, and intellectual culture in South Asia. Renowned as the “City of Saints,” the region developed a distinctive spiritual and cultural identity under the influence of various Sufi orders whose khanqahi institutions played a vital role in religious instruction, moral refinement, social reform, and...
Al-QamarDecember 31, 2025(Hafiz) Muhammad Aslam Khan, Hafiz Mansoor Ahmad Corresponding Author, Muhammad Javed Iqbal
This study offers an analytical and interpretive exploration of Maḥmūd Shabistarī’s Gulshan-i Rāz within the dialectical framework of Islamic mysticism (taṣawwuf) and scholastic theology (ʿilm al-kalām). It seeks to uncover the epistemological foundations of Shabistarī’s thought and his method of Qurʾānic taʾwīl (esoteric interpretation), situating his mystical insights in conversation with...