Lucid dreams are dreams that involve awareness of dreaming while dreaming. As lucid dreaming is accompanied by heightened cortical activation, e.g., in the prefrontal cortex, it was speculated whether lucid dreaming interferes with the restorative function of sleep. Two cross-sectional studies have found inhomogeneous results regarding the relationship between lucid dream frequency and...
Visual elements are important ingredients of dreams, so dream objects should be – based on the continuity hypothesis of dreaming – as colorful as the waking world. However, the percentages of recalled colored versus black and white dreams as estimated by the participants varied considerably across studies. In the present online study, 2701 persons completed a question about recalling colors in...
Despite numerous anecdotal accounts of music dreams, empirical research in this area is scarce. The present online study (N = 2929) found a prevalence of about 6% of all dreams include some element of music. Age was negatively related to the frequency of music dreams, whereas dream recall frequency, the overall emotional tone of the dreams, and the attitude towards dreams showed positive...