Revista de historia de la psicología

The US intelligence agencies’ search for the “truth serum”, 1941-1973

Revista de historia de la psicología 2025 Antonio Alvarez-Cruz

This paper is about the search for the "truth serum" (i.e., a drug that prevents an individual from lying), which the US intelligence agencies, especially the Central Intelligence Agency (the CIA) and its forerunners, carried out from 1941 (when the Office of the Coordinator of Information [COI] was founded) until 1973 (when the CIA director Richard M. Helms ordered all the MKULTRA-related...