Mindfulness training significantly reduced stress in adult male volleyball athletes aged 17–25. In a small experimental study, eight athletes completed the Perceived Stress Scale before and after the training; the reduction was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The authors conclude that incorporating mindfulness into daily psychological training programs may help athletes manage stress and improve performance.
A brief mindfulness psychoeducation program improved emotional regulation among sports coaching students. Over six sessions in three weeks, 20 students practiced conscious breathing, light meditation, and daily awareness. Cognitive reappraisal—the ability to reinterpret emotional situations—increased significantly, while expressive suppression—the tendency to hide emotions—decreased significantly. The results suggest that even a short mindfulness intervention can help students maintain emotional stability under academic and coaching pressures. The authors recommend integrating such programs into coach-training curricula to develop emotional competence.