How can adaptive, purposive-looking order arise in a non-teleological world without an intrinsically goal-directed agent? This paper reconstructs one recurrent answer—blind variation and selective retention (BVSR)—as a generative schema for teleonomy, tracing a single lineage from Darwinian natural selection through Ashby’s ultrastability and Maturana and Varela’s autopoiesis to the...
Simulating phenomenological aspects of altered states of consciousness provides an important experimental tool for consciousness science and psychiatry. Here we describe the Hallucination Machine, ...