Pengalaman Spiritual menurut Psikologi Transpersonal (Kajian Kritis Ilmu Tasawuf)
Kalimah October 26, 2016 Ryandi Ryandi
Transpersonal Psychology's view of spiritual experience is epistemologically and theologically problematic. Its assumptions are not grounded in scientific research but in perennial philosophy's premise of transcendent unity of religions, leading to a refutation of religious doctrine. This yields contemplative practice that ignores religious teaching, resulting in subjective spiritual knowledge based on human ego and spiritual narcissism. In contrast, Sufi spirituality is based on religion, subjectively affirming experience to syariah. The Sufi who reaches a spiritual state attains existential consciousness at the level of faqr—a feeling of indebtedness to Allah—causing total servitude, not narcissism.