Indole Alkaloids as Biased Opioid Receptor Modulators
Pharmaceuticals February 28, 2026 Oliver Grundmann, Allison Henderson
Background: Opioid receptors are a commonly used target for treatment of pain conditions. Most opioids used in therapy are linked to adverse effects such as tolerance, dependence, and respiratory depression. Indole alkaloids acting on opioid receptors may provide a novel molecular mechanism to confer analgesic effects. Results: Indole alkaloids such as ibogaine and mitragynine act on μ-opioid...