The Rūḥ and Algorithm: An Islamic Critique of Artificial Intelligence
BALAGH - Journal of Islamic and Humanities Studies June 15, 2026 Muhammad Imran Saleem Channar
Research Problem: The development of artificial intelligence (AI) functions as an unprecedented mirror, reflecting remarkable capacities yet fundamental limitations of human nature across philosophical, ethical, metaphysical, and spiritual dimensions. Method: Adopting a critical correlation methodology, the study conducts a systematic textual analysis of primary Qur’ānic and classical Islamic...