The Moral Status of Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of the Easy and Hard Problem of Consciousness
Journal of Philosophical Investigations November 30, 2025 Saeid Karimi, Morteza Tabatabaie
Consciousness is one of the most fundamental yet complex issues in the philosophy of mind. Philosophers such as David Chalmers, by proposing the “hard problem of consciousness,” have distinguished between phenomenal consciousness and psychological consciousness. Ned Block has further refined this distinction by formulating it in terms of phenomenal consciousness and access consciousness. On the...