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Stephen J Walsh

2 papers in the library · 12 citations · publishing 2022-2025

Papers

Self-Ascribed Paranormal Ability: Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2022 Kenneth Graham Drinkwater, Neil Dagnall, Stephen J Walsh et al. 12 citations

People who claim to have paranormal abilities—such as psychic powers or mediumship—describe their experiences as deeply tied to their personal history, beliefs, and sense of self. In interviews with 12 participants, four main themes emerged: formative influences like gifted family members or unusual childhood events; subjective experiences of transcendence or extra-sensory perception; embodied processes, especially a sense of control; and perceptions of reality involving self-awareness and surreal experiences. Participants used autobiographical evidence to validate their abilities and often dismissed conventional explanations. The findings suggest that belief in paranormal ability is inseparable from how individuals interpret and make sense of their own experiences.

Cognitive flexibility of male rats is increased by augmented punishment in a reversal learning task but ketamine has no detectable long-term effects.

Psychopharmacology April 22, 2025 Anthony N Nist, Stephen J Walsh, Timothy A Shahan

Adding electric footshock punishment to the probabilistic reversal learning task increased behavioral persistence and cognitive flexibility in rats, but a single dose of ketamine had no effect beyond causing acute impairments. The experiment used 40 rats and compared those receiving footshock for non-rewarded trials with those receiving only timeout periods. The findings suggest that punishment conditions significantly affect task performance and support previous evidence that ketamine may not influence cognitive flexibility or reward processing in healthy rats.