Cognitive impairment is a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Most conventional antidepressants do not have direct and clinically relevant procognitive effects. Ketamine and esketamine are effective in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Herein, this systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of both pharmacotherapeutics on cognitive...
This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy and tolerability of ketamine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a chronic and severe disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviours that can cause significant distress. Notwithstanding current treatments and interventions for obsessive-compulsive disorder, some individuals...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remain leading causes of disability, providing the impetus for receptor-level treatment strategies beyond monoamine reuptake. The serotonin 5-HT2B receptor (5-HT2BR) is uniquely positioned at the interface of central-antidepressant mechanisms and peripheral cardiac risks. Herein, we reviewed preclinical, translational and...
1. Esketamine as monotherapy or adjunct to conventional antidepressants is proven efficacious in clinical trials in adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and depression with high risk of...
Dextromethorphan/Buproprion (DXM/BUP) has received breakthrough FDA approval in August 2022 as a rapid-acting antidepressant. DXM/BUP is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and sigma-1 receptor agonist, with bupropion (BUP), a norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor and cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) inhibitor. As DXM/BUP moves closer to widespread clinical use for...
ABSTRACT Introduction Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Evidence suggests that ketamine may be efficacious in treating PTSD, however, ketamine's mechanisms in treating PTSD remain unclear. Herein, this review aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of ketamine treatment in persons with PTSD and investigate the possible...
INTRODUCTION: Functional impairment is commonly reported amongst individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) or treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Extant evidence suggests that ketamine and esketamine, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and glutamatergic modulators, have shown efficacy in treating MDD/TRD. While symptom reduction remains central to treatment, many...