Mindfulness-based interventions may reduce stress, depression, and anxiety in adults with type 2 diabetes, and may produce a small improvement in blood sugar control (HbA1c) and blood pressure, but the evidence is very low to low certainty. A meta-analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials with 2,337 participants found that mindfulness programs compared to waitlist or usual care were associated with reductions in stress, depression, and anxiety at the end of treatment. Mindfulness plus lifestyle changes showed no additional benefit for blood sugar or body weight over lifestyle changes alone. The low certainty of the evidence prevents firm clinical recommendations.
A scoping review of 14 trials involving 723 women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) examined the use of meditation and mindfulness interventions (MMIs) for managing the condition. Various MMIs were used, including Rajayoga, Yoga Nidra, OM cyclic meditation, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and mindful yoga. Outcomes were mostly assessed in psychological domains, followed by anthropometric, quality of life, and metabolic measures. The review suggests that integrating MMIs with conventional treatment may improve psychosocial well-being and quality of life. However, adequately powered studies with longer follow-up are needed to understand the mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy, especially for reproductive outcomes and weight management.