α-tocopherol alleviates ketamine toxicity in rat brain neurons.
BMC pharmacology & toxicology January 30, 2026 Enayatollah Seydi, Sana Ghanizadeh, Farzaneh Jokar et al.
Ketamine exhibits various pharmacological effects due to its high efficacy, but reports also indicate its potential to cause brain side effects and neurotoxicity. It can induce oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function, although the exact mechanism of its neurotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of α-tocopherol on ketamine-induced toxicity in rat brain...