Large language models produce first-person expressions, simulate hesitation, and generate apparently self-referential judgments. These behaviors have reopened philosophical debates about machine selfhood, yet existing positions share an unexamined assumption: that genuine selfhood requires a persistent, unified substantial subject. This paper names that assumption substantial-self priority and...
This article examines whether Jung’s theory of individuation reaches a structural limit that Vijnanvada (Yogacara) Buddhist philosophy can identify and continue. Prior comparative scholarship has mapped Jungian archetypes onto Buddhist categories; this study argues that such approaches conceal a more fundamental asymmetry between the two traditions. The study employs structural-comparative...