Do consumer-facing “Indica,” “Sativa,” and “Hybrid” labels predict cannabis composition or effects? A systematic review
Journal of Cannabis Research October 24, 2026 Gabriel Zoobi, Mackenzie Marco, Khalid J. Foraida et al.
Abstract: Background: Consumer- and patient-facing cannabis products are commonly labeled “indica,” “sativa,” or “hybrid” to signal expected composition or effects. We systematically reviewed whether these labels predict cannabis composition, animal effects, or human outcomes. Methods: We last searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Europe PMC, PubPsych, OpenAlex, and ClinicalTrials.gov, supplemented by...