BACKGROUND: We previously suggested that abnormal sleep behaviors, i.e., as found in parasomnias, may often be the expression of increased activity of the reward system during sleep. Because nightmares and sleepwalking predominate during REM and NREM sleep respectively, we tested here whether exploratory excitability, a waking personality trait reflecting high activity within the mesolimbic...
Abstract Contemplative thinking has beneficial effects of major clinical significance. Contemplation enlarges consciousness and improves character through the no dualistic reconciliation of worries, struggles, and conflicts. In contrast, dualistic thinking blocked the full development of awareness in Emerson and his disciples. Later, Freud denied the reality of his oceanic feelings when...