Electroconvulsive therapy combined with esketamine improved depression through PI3K/AKT/GLT-1 pathway.
Journal of Affective Disorders 2025 Xiangyang Zang, Jingting Zhang, Jingping Hu et al. 16 citations
Neuron excitotoxic damage induced by extracellular glutamate accumulation pathologically is one of the main mechanisms of depression. Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) expressed in astrocyte is responsible for glutamate clearance to maintain glutamate balance. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is prevalently recommended for severe depression due to its significant anti-depressant effect. Esketamine...