Single transient exposure to low-frequency low-intensity electrical stimulation produces ketamine-like effects in human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons via Ca2+-dependent BDNF and mTOR signaling.
Neuropharmacology August 1, 2026 G. S. Marcotto, M. Borghetti, J. Bitraj et al.
Electrical stimulation (ES) is emerging as a non-pharmacological neuromodulation strategy, but its direct impact on human dopaminergic neurons and its relationship to rapid-acting antidepressant mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether brief biphasic low-frequency low-intensity (LF-LI) ES can induce structural and molecular plasticity in human induced pluripotent stem...