Dhea Dayuranggi Meghatruh

Reconfiguring Subjectivity in the Hard Problem of Consciousness: Varela’s Neurophenomenology and Mullā Ṣadrā’s Knowledge by Presence

Jurnal Fuaduna June 30, 2026 Abdurrahman Abdurrahman, Mohammad Subhi, Dhea Dayuranggi Meghatruh

This article examines the problem of subjectivity in David Chalmers’ formulation of the hard problem of consciousness, particularly the difficulty of explaining subjective experience and qualia within a predominantly third-person scientific framework. The study argues that the exclusion or marginalization of the experiencing subject generates both a methodological limitation in investigating...