Single-Practice Samadhi is an important contemplative method in Mahayana Buddhism, while segmental birth-and-death and transformational birth-and-death are key doctrinal categories through which Mahayana Yogacara explains the samsaric continuity of sentient beings and the still-incomplete state of saints before perfect awakening. Examining these three themes within one doctrinal framework helps...
This paper examines The Sixteen Superior Contemplations in the Ānāpānasmṛti system with three core research questions: canonical origins, textual lineages and divergences across early scriptures; Mahāyānization by the Tiantai School and Huiyuan of Jingying Temple; and theoretical traits and contemporary values. Using textual comparison, historical doctrinal investigation and scholastic...