René Descartes first used the blind person's stick (BPS) as an analogy for perception in his Dioptrics (1637) and it has remained influential ever since, including in studies of '4E cognition'. This article traces how modern thinkers, including Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Gregory Bateson, and present-day cognitive archaeologist Lambros Malafouris, have used the BPS to explore questions of the...