D. Kalmbach

2 papers in the library · publishing 2020-2024

Papers

Understanding nightmares after traumatic events in Detroit (UNiTED): prospective associations with interpersonal violence and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms

European Journal of Psychotraumatology October 8, 2024 A. Reffi, Philip Cheng, D. Kalmbach et al.

Among 88 predominantly low-income, Black, urban patients hospitalized after traumatic injury, those exposed to interpersonal violence (e.g., assault) were significantly more likely to experience trauma-related nightmares (TRNs) over two months than those exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (e.g., motor vehicle collision): 80% vs. 48.7%. Interpersonal violence patients had nearly five times greater odds of TRNs across timepoints. TRNs at one month prospectively predicted more severe PTSD symptoms at two months, beyond initial PTSD status. The authors propose that early nightmare-focused treatment after interpersonal violence may reduce PTSD risk.

DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2409561 Full text Medicine Psychology

Mindfulness and nocturnal rumination are independently associated with symptoms of insomnia and depression during pregnancy.

Sleep Health March 4, 2020 D. Kalmbach, T. Roth, P. Cheng et al.

Among 65 pregnant women recruited from a Detroit hospital, over half screened positive for clinical insomnia and 12% for major depression. Women who reported higher everyday mindfulness had less nocturnal rumination, fewer insomnia symptoms, and fewer depressive symptoms, with large effect sizes. In regression analyses, both lower mindfulness and higher nocturnal rumination were independently associated with greater insomnia and depression. The authors suggest that mindfulness may protect against stress-related perinatal complications, while ruminating in bed at night is strongly linked to insomnia and depression during pregnancy.

DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.11.011 Full text Medicine Psychology