Subthreshold doses of guanosine plus ketamine elicit antidepressant-like effect in a mouse model of depression induced by corticosterone: Role of GR/NF-κB/IDO-1 signaling.
Neurochemistry International July 8, 2020 A. Camargo, A. P. Dalmagro, Julia M. Rosa et al.
In a mouse model of depression induced by corticosterone (CORT), a single combined administration of subthreshold doses of ketamine (0.1 mg/kg) and guanosine (0.01 mg/kg) reversed depressive-like behaviors and hippocampal cell damage. CORT-treated mice showed increased immobility and grooming latency, along with reduced hippocampal viability, elevated inflammatory markers (NF-κB, IDO-1), and decreased glucocorticoid receptor, glutamate transporter, and antioxidant proteins. The combined treatment restored many of these molecular changes and partially reversed oxidative stress markers, suggesting guanosine may enhance ketamine's effects on inflammation and oxidative pathways in depression.