Potencial terapéutico de la psilocibina en neuropsiquiatría: una revisión narrativa
Acta neurológica colombiana August 26, 2025 Gianfranco Faccini-Durán
Psilocybin, a tryptamine alkaloid found in Psilocybe mushrooms, binds to serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, activating metabotropic responses and inducing neuroplasticity. This narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies from 2010 to 2024 shows that psilocybin administration produces functional and structural brain changes, including neurogenesis and deactivation of dominant brain circuits that perpetuate cognitive rigidity, leading to improvements in depression and anxiety scales. Proposals also suggest potential utility in neurodegenerative disorders. Preclinical findings reveal neurotrophin gene expression and sustained synaptic remodeling; functional neuroimaging shows changes correlated with clinical improvements in patients with resistant affective disorders. Continued rigorous research is essential to establish standardized clinical protocols for safe and effective use.