About 2.6% of drivers who tested positive for drugs in roadside checks in northeastern France over 32 months (2020–2023) had ketamine in their oral fluid. Among 88 ketamine-positive drivers, 80.7% were male, 95.4% used multiple drugs, and their average age was 27.5 years. Ketamine concentrations averaged 821 ng/mL when norketamine was also present and 7.8 ng/mL when it was absent. Roughly 26% of ketamine-positive drivers had oral fluid levels potentially linked to impaired driving. The authors suggest adding ketamine and norketamine to routine oral fluid drug testing for driving under the influence.
Five cases of 3-MeO-PCP use in France in 2018 included two fatalities and three non-fatal cases. The non-fatal cases involved a 36-year-old man with confusion, aggressiveness, logorrhea, and calmness who also tested positive for alcohol, buprenorphine, and tramadol; a man with hyperemesis syndrome; and a methadone user. The fatalities were a 39-year-old woman murdered by ligature strangulation, with 3-MeO-PCP found in femoral blood at 63 ng/mL and urine at 94 ng/mL, and a 41-year-old man found dead at home with femoral blood level 498 ng/mL and urine 16,700 ng/mL. Fatal blood levels in literature range from 50 to 3,200 ng/mL, but clear toxic concentrations are not established due to frequent co-use with other substances.