Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology
August 1, 2026
Pierre-Michel Llorca, Anne Sauvaget, Emilie Olié et al.
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent and associated with significant disability and mortality. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), defined as inadequate response to ⩾2 antidepressant lines, remains a major therapeutic challenge. Esketamine nasal spray, approved in 2019 for TRD, demonstrated efficacy and safety in randomized trials, but real-world evidence remains...
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
April 1, 2025
Eduard Vieta, Nahida Ahmed, Celso Arango et al.
12 citations
Patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD) experience a greater negative impact on their functioning and productivity at home and in the workplace versus treatment-responsive patients. Here, we report the effects of esketamine nasal spray (NS) versus quetiapine extended release (XR) on functioning, work productivity and activity impairment. ESCAPE‑TRD (NCT04338321) was a 32-week...
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
February 1, 2025
Allan H. Young, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Andrea Fagiolini et al.
7 citations
In patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD), the ESCAPE-TRD study showed esketamine nasal spray was superior to quetiapine extended release. To determine the robustness of the ESCAPE-TRD results and confirm the superiority of esketamine nasal spray over quetiapine extended release. ESCAPE-TRD was a randomised, open-label, rater-blinded, active-controlled phase IIIb trial. Patients had...
Pharmaceutics
December 22, 2023
Ludivine Boudieu, Myriam Mennetrier, Pierre-Michel Llorca et al.
22 citations
Ketamine and its enantiomers represent an innovative glutamatergic agent as a treatment for individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation and behavior. Intranasal (IN) formulations could allow for quick onset of action on depressive symptoms as well as a reduction in side effects by bypassing the blood–brain barrier compared...
New England Journal of Medicine
October 4, 2023
Andreas Reif, Istvan Bitter, Jozefien Buyze et al.
197 citations
BACKGROUND: In treatment-resistant depression, commonly defined as a lack of response to two or more consecutive treatments during the current depressive episode, the percentage of patients with remission is low and the percentage with relapse is high. The efficacy and safety of esketamine nasal spray as compared with extended-release quetiapine augmentation therapy, both in combination with...
Psychological Medicine
March 18, 2020
Diego Quattrone, Laura Ferraro, Giada Tripoli et al.
89 citations
Abstract Background Daily use of high-potency cannabis has been reported to carry a high risk for developing a psychotic disorder. However, the evidence is mixed on whether any pattern of cannabis use is associated with a particular symptomatology in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Method We analysed data from 901 FEP patients and 1235 controls recruited across six countries, as part of...