Functional Connectivity and Power Spectral Density Analysis of EEG Signals in Meditation
International Computer Science Conference February 20, 2025 S. Attri, Rajashri Khanai
Meditation's ability to relax and relieve stress is widely claimed, but the neurophysiological mechanisms behind these effects remain poorly understood. This survey reviews EEG-based analytical methods—Functional Connectivity and Power Spectral Density (PSD)—used to study meditation's impact on cerebral activity. It describes brain wave patterns linked to relaxation and cognitive functions that can be characterized during meditative states. The paper evaluates metrics like weighted Phase Lag Index (wPLI) for assessing brain network coupling and PSD analysis for tracking power distribution changes. Despite available technologies, current research lacks rigor and sufficient detail, especially in applying sophisticated EEG methods to demonstrate therapeutic effects. The authors propose an integrated framework for future research to clarify meditation's scientific basis.