Clinical trials investigating psychedelic compounds for depression and anxiety-related disorders are yielding promising preliminary results. Psychedelics produce profound alterations in brain function—such as suppression of the default mode network and thalamocortical dysregulation—leading to intense subjective experiences including ego dissolution and mystical-type states. While often...
Sleep remains a complex and only partially understood neurophysiological process, with current theories often fragmented across electrophysiological, metabolic, and phenomenological domains. In this paper, we propose an advanced and integrative framework that conceptualizes rapid eye movement (REM) sleep as a state in which the brain constructs a provisional dummy model of the external world....