Novel and emerging anesthetic drugs for the treatments of major depression: a comprehensive review of efficacy, mechanism, and outlook.
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2025 Congyi Li, Zhihui Wang, Xinman Ye et al.
Clinical and preclinical studies increasingly support the antidepressant potential of several anesthetic agents, including ketamine, propofol, nitrous oxide (N2O), sevoflurane, and isoflurane. Their therapeutic effects appear to arise from the regulation of multiple interconnected systems: modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling, interaction with monoaminergic neurotransmitters...