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Chloral hydrate anesthesia antagonizes the neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine.

C J Schmidt, Christine K. Black, Gina M. Abbate, Vicki L. Taylor

European Journal of Pharmacology November 27, 1990 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)94149-r (opens in new tab)

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Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Animal experiment Peer reviewed
Population Rats
Interventions MDMA Chloral hydrate anesthesia
Duration 3-hour anesthesia period following MDMA; 5-HT measured 1 week later
Topics MDMA
Key findings Holding rats under chloral hydrate anesthesia for the first 3 hours after MDMA blocked the decrease in forebrain 5-HT seen 1 week later, while the acute 3-hour effect of MDMA on 5-HT was unchanged. The authors attribute the protection not to anesthetic-induced hypothermia but possibly to dopamine's hypothesized role in MDMA neurotoxicity.

Abstract

We report that maintaining rats under chloral hydrate anesthesia for the first 3 h following the administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) blocks the decrease in forebrain concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) measured 1 week later. In contrast, the acute effect of MDMA (3 h) on forebrain 5-HT was not altered by the anesthetic. This protective effect of chloral hydrate was not due to an anesthetic-induced hypothermia but may be related to the hypothesized role of dopamine in the neurotoxic effects of MDMA.

Comparable studies

Other preclinical and animal studies on MDMA, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
Neurotoxicity of the psychedelic amphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Rats (implied by typical neurochemical study context) 1987 Experimental study
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine destroy serotonin terminals in rat brain: quantification of neurodegeneration by measurement of [3H]paroxetine-labeled serotonin uptake sites. Rat brain 1987 Animal experiment
Comparison of the monoamine transporters from human and mouse in their sensitivities to psychostimulant drugs Human and mouse dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin transporters expressed in cells 2006 In vitro laboratory study
Small Changes in Ambient Temperature Cause Large Changes in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-Induced Serotonin Neurotoxicity and Core Body Temperature in the Rat Rats 1998 Experimental study
Altered Serotonin Innervation Patterns in the Forebrain of Monkeys Treated with (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Seven Years Previously: Factors Influencing Abnormal Recovery Squirrel monkeys treated with MDMA 1999 Observational cohort

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