The effects of ketamine and methamphetamine on neurotransmitters, glutamate receptors, and conditioned place preference in rat.
Yanxia Peng, Yihang Wang, Linlin Liu, Genmeng Yang, Dongxian Zhang, Shijun Hong, Lihua Li
Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) November 2023 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2023.102328 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Animal experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Rats |
| Interventions | Methamphetamine Ketamine |
| Measures | Conditioned place preference (CPP), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting |
| Topics | Ketamine Esketamine |
| Keywords | Glutamate receptors Methamphetamine Neurotransmitters |
| Key findings | Methamphetamine and ketamine each induced conditioned place preference in rats, and ketamine enhanced methamphetamine-induced preference, though not significantly. Ketamine reduced methamphetamine-induced increases in dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and monoamine oxidase and promoted methamphetamine-induced increases in GluR1 and GluR2. The authors argue these markers may be involved in combined methamphetamine-ketamine addiction and propose ketamine plays a "dual addictive and anti-addictive role." |
Abstract
Combined methamphetamine (MA) and ketamine (KET) abuse is a serious issue. At present, however, few studies have explored the mechanism underlying their combined addiction. We established a rat conditioned place preference (CPP) model. We investigated the role of dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), monoamine oxidase (MAO), glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1), and glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) in combined MA and KET addiction. The expression levels of DA, 5-HT, and MAO were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expressions levels of GluR1 and GluR2 were detected by western blotting. Our results showed that MA and KET successfully induced CPP in rats respectively, and KET enhanced MA-induced CPP effects, although not significantly, and KET can reduce the MA-induced increase in DA, 5-HT, MAO and promoted the MA-induced increase in GluR1 and GluR2. Therefore, it suggested that DA, 5-HT, MAO, GluR1, and GluR2 expression may be involved in the mechanism underlying MA and KET-induced drug addiction in rats. Moreover, When MA and KET are used in combination, KET appears to play a dual addictive and anti-addictive role in the regulation of MA addiction.
Comparable studies
Other preclinical and animal studies on ketamine, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| mTOR-Dependent Synapse Formation Underlies the Rapid Antidepressant Effects of NMDA Antagonists Rats | 2010 | Observational study | |
| Activation of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission by Ketamine: A Novel Step in the Pathway from NMDA Receptor Blockade to Dopaminergic and Cognitive Disruptions Associated with the Prefrontal Cortex Conscious rats | 1997 | Dose-response study with microdialysis and behavioral testing | |
| NMDAR inhibition-independent antidepressant actions of ketamine metabolites Mice | 2016 | Preclinical study | |
| The dissociative anaesthetics, ketamine and phencyclidine, selectively reduce excitation of central mammalian neurones by N‐methyl‐aspartate Spinal neurons in decerebrate or pentobarbitone-anaesthetized cats and rats | 1983 | Experimental study | |
| R-ketamine: a rapid-onset and sustained antidepressant without psychotomimetic side effects Mice | 2015 | Experimental study |
Citations in the library
Cites 3
- Comparative and Interactive Human Psychopharmacologic Effects of Ketamine and Amphetamine Archives of General Psychiatry September 1, 2005
- Effects of MDMA and related analogs on plasma 5-HT: relevance to 5-HT transporters in blood and brain. European Journal of Pharmacology January 15, 2012
- Patterns of polydrug use among ketamine injectors in New York City. Substance Use & Misuse 2005