Modulatory Effects of Cannabis Sativa Co-administration with Tramadol and Codeine on Cognitive Function in Male Rats.
A. Ademosun, O. Ajeigbe, Bodun Oluwaseun Lawrence, G. Oboh
Neurotoxicology August 1, 2023 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.08.005 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Controlled animal experiment Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 48 |
| Population | Male Wistar rats |
| Interventions | Codeine Tramadol Cannabis sativa |
| Dose | CDE 2 mg/kg bw, TMD 10 mg/kg bw, CNB 200 mg/kg bw |
| Duration | 28 days |
| Measures | acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), NTPdase, adenosine deaminase (ADA), malondialdehyde |
| Topics | Cannabis |
| Key findings | Prolonged oral administration of codeine, tramadol, and Cannabis sativa, alone or in combination, suppressed cognitive function and lowered brain acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats relative to controls (P<0.05), while raising NTPdase, adenosine deaminase, and malondialdehyde levels. The authors attribute the neurotoxicity to reduced cholinesterase activity leading to neurotransmitter poisoning. |
Abstract
Most teenagers mix up various psychoactive cocktail substances in combinations to get intoxicated. The role of the mixture combination of codeine (CDE), tramadol (TMD), and Cannabis sativa (CNB) on brain cognition, purinergic, cholinergic, and antioxidant enzyme activities remains unknown. This study sought to assess the mechanism of action of combinations of CDE+ TMD+ CNB on the function and activities of the brain of male Wistar rats. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups, n = 6. Group 1 served as a control, groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to CDE (2mg/kg bw), TMD (10mg/kg bw), and CNB (200mg/kg bw), while groups 5, 6, 7, and 8 were co-administered with CDE+TMD, CNB+ TMD, CNB+CDE, and CNB+TMD+CDE orally for 28 days. This study revealed the effect of prolonged administration of CNB, TMD, and CDE on the suppression of cognitive function, acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE), butyl-cholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme activities, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats' brains when compared against control rats (P< 0.05). However, the activities of ectonucleosides (NTPdase), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and malondialdehyde levels produced in the brain of rats were significantly elevated (P< 0.05). This study reported the mechanism behind the neurotoxicity of CNB, TMD, and CDE on rats' cognitive, cholinergic, purinergic, and antioxidant enzymes as a consequence of the drastic reduction in cholinesterase enzyme activities leading to neurotransmitter poisoning.
Comparable studies
Other preclinical and animal studies on cannabis, most cited first.