No clinically relevant effects in children after accidental ingestion of Panaeolina foenisecii (lawn mower's mushroom).
Katharina M Schenk-Jaeger, Katharina E Hofer-Lentner, Bettina Plenert, Dagmar Eckart, Bettina Haberl, Gabriele Schulze, Janine Borchert-Avalone, Uwe Stedtler, Rudolph Pfab
Clinical Toxicology March 2017 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1271129 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational case series Case report Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 19 |
| Population | Children with accidental ingestion of at least one cap of Panaeolina foenisecii, mean age 3 years |
| Intervention | Activated charcoal |
| Dose | single dose |
| Duration | Follow-up of at least 4 hours |
| Topics | Psilocybin |
| Keywords | Lawn mushroom Panaeolus Hallucinogenic Mycologist Pediatric Poisoning |
| Key findings | Among 19 children who accidentally ingested Panaeolina foenisecii, 16 developed no symptoms, two had minor abdominal discomfort, and one was temporarily mildly hyperactive; none showed hallucinations. The authors conclude that the small amounts typically ingested by children probably do not lead to clinically significant symptoms. |
Abstract
Panaeolina foenisecii is one of the most common and widely distributed lawn mushrooms in Europe and North America, and frequently involved in accidental mushroom ingestion, mainly in children. Nevertheless, there is contradictory information regarding the toxicity profile of P. foenisecii in the literature. Objective of the study was to assess clinical effects with particular attention on psychoactive properties of P. foenisecii in case of accidental oral exposure. This observational case series is based on prospectively collected data on mushroom poisoning using a structured data collection form, and it was performed in seven poisons centres in Germany and Switzerland. Inclusion criteria were accidental ingestion of at least one cap of P. foenisecii identified by a mycologist, and a follow up of at least 4 hours. Nineteen cases met all inclusion criteria, and only children were involved with a mean age of 3 years. They ingested 1-2 mushrooms in 14 cases and 3-5 mushrooms in five cases. Three patients received a single dose of activated charcoal. Sixteen out of 19 cases did not develop any symptoms, 2/19 complained of minor abdominal discomfort. One child was temporarily mildly hyperactive, and this was the only patient observed in a hospital for 12 hours. None of the children showed signs of hallucinations. This multicentre study demonstrates that the typically small amounts of P. foenisecii ingested by children probably do not lead to clinically significant symptoms.
Comparable studies
Other case reports and case series on psilocybin, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psilocybin Mushroom (Psilocybe semilanceata) Intoxication with Myocardial Infarction 18-year-old man | 1998 | Case study | n = 1 |
| Relief from intractable phantom pain by combining psilocybin and mirror visual-feedback (MVF) Person with leg amputation and phantom-limb pain | 2018 | Case study | n = 1 |
| Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder after psilocybin consumption: a case study 18-year-old man with HPPD after mixed psilocybin and cannabis intoxication | 2005 | Case study | n = 1 |
| Microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain: a case series Individuals with chronic neuropathic pain | 2022 | Case series | n = 3 |
| Psilocybin and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Individual with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | 2014 | Case study | n = 1 |
Citations in the library
Cites 4
- Psilocybin and psilocin levels in twenty species from seven genera of wild mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. Journal of Ethnopharmacology May 1, 1982
- Occurrence of Psilocybin in Various Higher Fungi from Several European Countries Planta Medica October 1, 1985
- Abuse of the mushroom Panaeolus foenisecii. BMJ February 16, 1980
- Worldwide occurrence of psychoactive mushrooms - an update. Czech Mycology May 16, 1995