1104 Increasing Accessibility of Nightmare Treatment Via Mobile Health
K. Speed, Michael R Nadorff, Todd M Bishop, M. Stearns, Wilfred R Pigeon
May 27, 2020 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1099 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 99 |
| Population | College students recruited online |
| Topics | Dreaming |
| Key findings | The Imagery Rehearsal Therapy-based app Dream EZ reduced nightmare distress compared with waitlist control (main effect d = .57; interaction d = .41), but showed no significant effects on PTSD symptoms or suicide risk. The authors suggest mHealth delivery may help make nightmare treatment more accessible for college students. |
Abstract
Nightmares have been tied to a myriad of adverse mental health outcomes and are known to persist after treatment of other concerns such as posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety. When reaching clinical levels, nightmare disorder is known to effect 2-6% of the general population, Although many treatments exist for nightmare disorder and posttraumatic nightmares, Imagery Rehearsal Therapy has consistently been cited as the first line treatment. Mobile health (mHealth) technology has emerged as a viable platform from which to deliver sleep medicine interventions. We assessed the efficacy of an Imagery Rehearsal Therapy-based mobile application (Dream EZ) developed by the National Center for Telehealth and Technology. College students (n = 99) were recruited in a two-part online study and randomized to the treatment condition or waitlist control. Repeated measures analysis of variance were used to assess the efficacy of smartphone-based mHealth application treatment (Dream EZ) in reduction of psychological symptoms (nightmare distress, PTSD symptoms, and suicide risk) as compared to waitlist control. Findings support the use of Dream EZ for nightmares distress reduction (main effect: p =.004, d = .57; interaction: p =.049, d = .41). Results regarding effectiveness of Dream EZ in relation to reduction of PTSD symptoms (main effect: p = .415, d = .17; interaction: p =.262, d = .23) showed no significant interactions between PTSD symptoms and treatment group assignment. In relation to changes in suicidality (main effect: p =.007, d = .57; interaction: p =.758, d = .07), findings were nonsignificant. Use of nightmare-focused treatment through a mHealth smartphone application may be a viable avenue for promoting management of nightmare distress in college students. These findings present an opportunity to explore further options for increasing accessibility of sleep-focused treatment options in a challenging and fast-paced population. No support to disclose.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on dreaming, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficacy of a Cognitive‐Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia and Nightmares in Afghanistan and Iraq Veterans With PTSD Combat veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and/or Operation Iraqi Freedom (mean age... | 2013 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 40 |
| Lucid Dreaming Treatment for Nightmares: A Pilot Study Chronic nightmare sufferers | 2006 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 23 |
| Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study Participants spending three consecutive nights in a sleep laboratory | 2013 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 19 |
| Pre-sleep treatment with galantamine stimulates lucid dreaming: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study Adults with high dream recall and an interest in lucid dreaming | 2018 | Randomized crossover trial | n = 121 |
| Studies with lucid dreaming as add-on therapy to Gestalt therapy Adults with nightmares (ICD-10: F51.5) at least twice a week | 2015 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 32 |
Citations in the library
Cited by 2
- Status of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy and Other Interventions for Nightmare Treatment in PTSD. Current Psychiatry Reports November 1, 2025
- DreamDirector: Designing a Generative AI System to Aid Therapists in Treating Clients' Nightmares International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces March 24, 2025