REM sleep, REM parasomnias, REM sleep behaviour disorder.
Anna Szûcs, Carlotta Mutti, Anikó Papp, Péter Halász, Liborio Parrino
Ideggyogyaszati szemle May 30, 2022 DOI: 10.18071/isz.75.0171 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Rem parasomnia Rem sleep Synucleinopathy |
| Key findings | The authors propose that several REM parasomnias reflect sleep dissociation, with REM elements either intruding into wakefulness or failing to appear fully during REM sleep, while others such as sleep-related painful erection and catathrenia have unclear mechanisms. They contend that REM sleep behavior disorder is especially important as a warning sign of evolving neurodegenerative conditions, mainly synucleinopathies, and as a model showing parasomnias may have autoimmune, iatrogenic, and psychosomatic causes. |
Abstract
We review the literature on REM parasomnias, and their the underlying mechanisms. Several REM parasomnias are consistent with sleep dissociations, where certain elements of the REM sleep pattern emerge in an inadequate time (sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations and cataplexy) or are absent/partial in their normal REM sleep time (REM sleep without atonia, underlying REM sleep behavior disorder). The rest of REM parasomnias (sleep related painful erection, catathrenia) may have other still unclear mechanisms. REM parasomnias deserve attention, because in addition to disturbing sleep and causing injuries, they may shed light on REM sleep functions as well as the heterogeneous etiologies of parasomnias. One of them, REM sleep behavior disorder has special importance as a warning sign of evolving neurodegenerative conditions mainly synucleinopathies (some cases synucleinopathies themselves) and it is a model parasomnia revealing that parasomnias may have by autoimmune, iatrogenic and even psychosomatic etiologies.
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