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Coming to Terms with Embodiment: A Terminology Consensus Project Protocol

Jinming Li, Liye Zou, Fred Paas

March 11, 2026 DOI: 10.17605/osf.io/g7s45 (opens in new tab)

Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Clinical protocol Preregistered
Key points Proposes that inconsistent and overlapping use of embodiment terminology across disciplines hinders literature synthesis, systematic reviewing, and cross-disciplinary communication, and aims to produce a consensus glossary, a conceptual model of construct relationships, and terminology usage guidelines through literature mapping, a modified Delphi process, and consensus meetings.

Abstract

This project aims to develop consensus definitions for key terminology related to embodiment across multiple disciplines including psychology, education, neuroscience, philosophy, sport and exercise science, and artificial intelligence. The current literature uses a wide range of overlapping terms such as embodied cognition, grounded cognition, enactivism, ecological psychology, and embodied learning. These terms are often used inconsistently across disciplines, which complicates literature synthesis, systematic reviewing, and cross-disciplinary communication. To address this issue, the project will combine three methodological components: (1) systematic terminology mapping through a comprehensive literature review, (2) iterative expert consultation using a modified Delphi method, and (3) consensus meetings to resolve remaining definitional disagreements. The study aims to produce a consensus glossary of key embodiment-related constructs, a conceptual model illustrating relationships among these constructs, and terminology usage guidelines. This protocol has been preregistered prior to the commencement of data collection. The contributor list on OSF includes the first author and corresponding authors responsible for managing the registration. The full list of manuscript authors is provided in the protocol document.