Cannabis--1988.
Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum 1988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb08576.x (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Cannabis |
| Key findings | The review reports that no specific cannabinoid binding sites had been demonstrated, that 11-OH-THC is the main THC metabolite but contributes little to the overall effect when cannabis is smoked or given intravenously, and that 25 ng/ml is the minimum plasma THC level associated with psychotropic effects. It states that cannabis may directly produce acute panic, toxic delirium, paranoid states, or mania and may aggravate schizophrenia, while links to sociopathy or "amotivational syndrome" are much less certain. Despite widespread global use, no catastrophic health effects were noted, and cannabis appears relatively safe compared with current social drugs, though the authors caution it is too early to be sanguine about possible bad effects. |
Abstract
In this updating review of research on cannabis particular attention has been paid to the increasing number of studies of the disposition of the components of cannabis in man, as well as possible effects on health. Specific binding sites for cannaboids have not been demonstrated. Approximately 80 metabolites of tetrahydrocannabiol (THC) have been discovered, of which 11-OH-THC is the main metabolite, but it contributes little to the overall effect when the drug is smoked or given intravenously. The minimum plasma level of THC associated with the psychotropic effect is 25 ng/ml. Cannabis may produce directly an acute panic reaction, a toxic delirium, and acute paranoid state, or acute mania. Cannabis use may aggrevate schizophrenia, but it is much less certain whether it can lead to sociopathy or even to "amotivational syndrome". Despite widespread use of cannabis in virtually all parts of the world, no catastrophic effects on health have been noted. Cannabis appears to be relatively safe as compared with current social drugs. It is, however, still too early in the history of the present episode of cannabis use to be sanguine about possible bad effects.