Methodological considerations for interpreting ketamine-naltrexone trials in depression

This review examines the current evidence for ketamine and esketamine in treating major depression, focusing on efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action. The authors synthesize findings from clinical trials and mechanistic studies, noting that ketamine can produce rapid antidepressant effects, though the durability and optimal dosing regimens remain under investigation. They discuss potential adverse effects and the need for careful patient selection and monitoring. The review highlights ongoing research into biomarkers and treatment protocols to improve outcomes and reduce relapse rates, while acknowledging that long-term safety data are still limited.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Igor D Bandeira, MD, PhD, Luke A Jelen, MD, PhD, Jason M Tucciarone, MD, PhD, Boris D Heifets, MD, PhD, Carolyn I Rodriguez, MD, PhD, Alan F Schatzberg, MD