Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Nurses: An Integrative Review

An integrative review of 15 studies found that Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) may reduce perceived stress, burnout, and symptoms of depression and anxiety among practicing nurses. Sixty percent of the reviewed studies showed a significant effect of MBSR on decreasing stress. The review suggests that both abbreviated and full 8-week versions of MBSR can improve mental health, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors recommend future studies with larger sample sizes and measures beyond self-reports to strengthen generalizability.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Introduction: The impact of occupational stress on the mental health and well-being of nurses is a growing concern, magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such compromised health is considered an occupational and patient safety risk. Our aim is to critically examine, analyze, and synthesize the evidence regarding MBSR on the perceived stress levels of nurses including overall mental health and well-being. Methods: An integrative review was conducted. Databases included were PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were English only, MBSR, and practicing nurses. Results: We identified 833 articles during database searching. After removal of duplicates and two rounds of screening, 15 articles were included in the final analysis. Several themes were derived with 60% of the studies showing a significant effect of MBSR on decreasing stress. Other significant themes were the decrease in burnout and increase in mindfulness. Conclusions: MBSR may be an effective holistic method of improving mental health for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In both the abbreviated and full, 8-week versions of MBSR, the findings indicate the intervention can reduce depression, anxiety, and stress. Future recommendations include larger sample sizes and measurements other than self-reports to promote generalizability.